Which type of racism involves personal beliefs and attitudes?

Individual racism refers to personal beliefs and attitudes that contribute to discrimination or prejudice against others based on their race. This type of racism manifests in the actions, thoughts, and opinions of individuals, reflecting their personal biases and stereotypes. It encompasses overt acts, such as using racial slurs or engaging in discriminatory behavior, as well as subtler forms of prejudice, such as harboring negative assumptions about a group based solely on their racial identity.

In contrast, institutional racism refers to the policies and practices entrenched in established institutions that disproportionately affect certain racial groups. Systematic racism includes the broader societal structures that perpetuate racial inequalities across multiple domains, often without explicit intent from individuals. Cultural racism involves societal beliefs and cultural norms that devalue certain racial groups, influencing the way they are treated and perceived within the larger culture.

Understanding that individual racism stems from personal beliefs helps identify and address the root causes of discrimination on a more personal level, allowing for targeted approaches in promoting racial equality and fostering a more inclusive environment.